Can every electric car charge three-phase on 3 × 230 V?
No. Without a neutral conductor, a car can use three phases, distribute the current unevenly over internal charging modules or fall back completely on one phase. The result depends on the on-board charger, the model year and sometimes the software version.
Why does a 11 kW on-board charger sometimes only achieve 7,4 kW?
The statement 11 kW usually applies to 3 × 400 V + N with 3 × 16 A. On 3 × 230 V without a neutral conductor, the construction of the on-board charger can limit the power. For example, a Polestar 2 achieves approximately 7,4 kW with an uneven phase load, while a European Tesla Model 3 or Model Y can achieve approximately 11 kW via 3 × 28 A.
Is 3 × 230 V the same as an IT or delta supply network?
In Belgium, these words are often used interchangeably for a three-phase connection of 230 V without a neutral conductor. Technically, IT and delta do not describe exactly the same thing. The measured voltage, neutral conductor, earthing and protection are therefore decisive for the charging station and car.
Can I charge at 22 kW at home?
Only if your car has a 22 kW on-board charger and your connection, charging station, cable, electrical protection and available power allow this. An indication of 22 kW on 3 × 400 V + N does not guarantee that the same car also achieves 22 kW on 3 × 230 V without a neutral conductor.
How do I know which electricity network I have at home?
The indication on your meter or main switch can provide an initial indication, but is not always sufficient. For a charging station, we check the voltage between the conductors, the presence of a neutral conductor, the earthing and the protection in the cabinet.